Velvet or carpet loom.



P. GIRARD.

VELVET 0R CARPET LOOM. APPLIOATION FILED AUG.21,1913.

Patented Nov. 10, 1914.

B SHEETS-SHEET 1.

5140mm @u/ r Gum; i

P. GIRARD.

VELVET OR CARPET LOOM.

APPLIGATION FILED AUG.21,1913.

Patented Nov. 10, 1914.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

PAUL GIRARD, OF LYON, FRANCE.

VELVET OR CARPET LOOM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 10, 1914.

Original application filed March 16, 1912, Serial No. 684,239. Divided and this application filed August To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PAUL GIRARD, a citizen of the Republic of France, residing at Lyon, France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Velvet or Carpet Looms; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

The longitudinal pile-wires hitherto used in velvet, or carpet looms. were bodies independent of the healds in the heddles.

My invention relates to improvements in such looms, whereby various advantages are obtained.

One improvement consists in a special heddle for the longitudinal pile-wire, which heddle preferably comprises wire healds.

Another improvement consists in so connecting one longitudinal pile-wire, at the inner end, with every heald in the special heddle that the pile-wire may be vertically adjusted after the heddle has been loosened and secured in any position by merely tightening the heddle.

A third improvement consists in rendering one part of the pile wire adjoining the wire-heald wholly or mostly pliable, similar to a thread, so that the rapid vertical motion-of the heddle is transmitted to the outer end of the pile-wire merely by shocks.

A fourth improvement consists in connecting the inner end of each pile-wire with a cross rod by means of a wire, or the like, so as to protect the pile-wires from being drawn in by the fabric.

A fifth improvement, which may be employed in lieu of the fourth improvement, consists of guides for the healds of the spe cial heddle, whereby the pile-wires are protected from being drawn in by the fabric.

In the accompanying drawing is illustrated the preferred embodiment of my invention, wherein it will be understood that various changes and modifications may be made as to the detailed construction and arrangement of parts without departing from the spirit of the invention, and in which drawing- Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section taken through a part of the velvet or carpet loom and diagrammatically shows one longitudinal pile-wire in combination with the special heddle. Fig. 2 is a like view as Fig. 1, disclosing a specific construction of the longitudinal pile-wire. Fig. 2 is an end view of the inner end of this pile-wire, on an enlarged scale. Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal section of a modification of the invention, the pile-warp being omitted. Fig. 4 is a cross section on an enlarged scale, illustrating the formation of naps from the weft. Fig. 5 is a vertical longitudinal section through a part of the velvet or carpet loom, illustrating the manner in which a cross-bar, by means of wires or the like, protects the longitudinal pile-wires from being drawn in by the fabric. Fig. 6 is a view illustrating the manner in which guides for the healds of the special heddle, protect the longitudinal pile-wires from being drawn in by the fabric. Fig. 7 is a further modification more especially as to the connection between the pile-directing member and the heddle.

Referring particularly to Fig. l, a and b designate the threads of the ground-warp wound off the beam B, the threads passing through the mails a and b of the healds a and b A, refers to a beam for the pilewarp, which threads pass through the mails f in the heald f the ground-fabric; t the ordinary wefts or wires; .9 the naps formed of the pile-warp f, and p, p refer to a guiding reed. For the sake of clearness, the pile-warp f. the pileheddle f and the naps s are indicated by dotted lines, so as to better distinguish them from the other threads and healds. I provide a special heddle with healds E, F, and connect each of its healds with a longitudinal pile-wire G, H, whose inner part G, G is slightly inclined, and is made pliable similar to a thread, the connection between the pile directing member or wire and said healds being such as to cause said inner part to terminate in two arms as shown other than in the modification thereof, while the outer part G H is made horizontal, which is parallel with the fabric, and less pliable. This pile-directing member consists of a three-armed part or heddle, having arm E, the arm F, and the arm G, H of peculiar formation. The threads of both the groundwarp a, b and the pile-warp f pass between the healds E, F, of the special heddle and through corresponding spaces of the reed 7 p and each longitudinal pile-wire G, H passes through a space of this reed.

t designates the Wefts of wave-line of a sound-oscillation.

The outer part G, H of each longitudinal pile-wire may consist of two wires 0, 4, one superposed above the other, as in Fig. 2 and a vertical thin strip 6 of sheet metal between them and soldered on them, while the inner part G, G may consist of the two wires 0, (Z, alone, that is, of a single wire doubled at its inner end Gr, as-is clearly shown in Fig. 2. The longitudinal pilewires G, H, are made so thin as to enable them to freely play in the spaces of the guiding reed 7), 2 e en if the latter is made narrow, so'that the pile-wires do not disturb the formation of a shed, nor the mo-' tion of the shuttle. In certain spaces of the reed the threads of both the ground warp and the pile-warp move up, and down beneath the parts G, G of the longitudinal pilewires, passing through said spaces.

During every upward motion of the special heddle E, F, the inner parts G, G of the longitudinal pile-wires connected therewith also raise the outer parts G H and thereby raise the ordinary wefts or wires 2?, the rapid upward motion of the heddle being transmitted to the. outer part H by the effect of shocks similar to a transverse At the lowest position of the special heddle the wefts t and the naps s are, with the groundfabric, fed forward, so that the longitudinal pile-wires G, H, are left behind and are not drawn in by the fabric.

The construction of the longitudinal pilewires described. with respect to Figs. 2 and 2*, may be modified, in that the pile-wire 4, 45 maybe made wholly of thin sheet metal, it being a strip with rounded edges, as the end elevation of Fig. 2* shows. This strip 4,

4 is made wider at its ends than in the intermediary portion thereof, as clearly shown in Figs. 5 and 6. The inner end of this longitudinal pile-wire is adapted for the .suitable passage therethrough,as at It, of the heald wires E, F, and so as to provide for the vertical adjustment or movement thereon of said pile-wire member, which feature is specifically claimed in my co-pending application filed March 16, 1912, Serial Number 684,239, of which latter the present application is a division. The vertical ad- ]ustment or movement of the inner end Gr of the longitudinal pile wires renders it pos sible to form the naps from the weft instead of from the warp. so that the pile-warp 7, Figs. 1 and 2, may be omitted, as indicated in Fig. 3. The wefts woven into the ground fabric will then, by passing over single longitudinal pile wires, (see left hand side of Fig.4), or over groups of longitudinal pile-wires, (see right hand side of Fig. 4), form loops, that is, the naps. Thewefts, of course, serve no longer as auxiliaries, but, form the pile itself. I

In the manufacture of certain kinds of uann velvet, wherein the pile or threads of the ground fabric are very tight, the longitudinal pile-wires are liable to be drawn in by the fabric in the direction in which the latter is wound up. In such' cases, I overcome this objection or drawback byproviding the longitudinal pile-wire 4, 4 with an additional means, in the form of a further hole, as 3, Fig. 5, contiguous to the connection therebetween and the heald E, F, through which hole is passed and secured athread or wire 15, or the like, the other end of which wire or thread is secured to a cross rod 16, itselfsecured to the loom-frame,

the heald wires being caused to pass through or engage the second passage k of said longitudinal pile-wire 4, 4

In Fig. the finished fabric is denoted by the legend 1, the reed by p, 79 and the special heddle for moving the longitudinal pile-wire i, 4, by 6, while the legend 12 designates the pile-warp which is operated by the leaf of member 7 disposed immediately behind the leaf 6. The leaves 8, 9, 10 and 1,1 for operating the threads 13, 14 of the group-warp are arranged directly beh'ind the leaf 7. The leaf 11 is shown to have raised the threads 14 and the special leaf or heddle 6, the longitudinal pile-wire 4, 4 while the other leaves 7 8, 9 and 10 are shown in their intermediate position.

It is evident that the cross rod 16, by the be disposed of, or omitted by the operator,

as may be required. The lower guide 5 when employed, is on the contrary permanently left in its position. Either by means of the lower guide 5 alone, or by means of both. guides 5 and 5 the stroke of the special leaf 6 operating the longitudinal pilewires 4:, 4 is limited. As of the strips 4, P extend to the same point'at the front, they may be made so strong as to remain straight without'bending, whereas the uniform height of the naps is insured, while there is no liabilitv of the pile-wires 4, 4 being drawn in. Were the pile-wire members liable to be drawn in through a certain distance by a tight fabric, they would require to be made so weak as to be able to withdraw from the naps formed. Such longitudinal pile-wires 4:, P, however, would bend andnot be able to maintain their ver. tical position, which is necessary for insuring the uniform height of the naps? a ric, the guides 5, may be at their ends vertically guided in suitable ides or slotted plates in the loom-frame. he upper guide 5, which may be of mutilated plate outline, loosely bears from above against the lon itudinal pile-wires 4, 4 so as to enable t e operator to at once liit the guide in case some thread should have become broken, in order to easily introduce the loose thread into the mail of the respective heald and into the corresponding s ace of the reed, and to fasten the thread without interference from the guide 5. v

T- e new device, as above described, resents the advantage that no mails an no special fastening devices, independent of the healds, are require for the longitudinal pile-wires. Furthermore, this device pre-- sents the advanta e that-the inner ends of the longitudinal p1 e-wires may be easily adjusted 1n the vertical direction.

The longitudinal pile wires may be varied without departing from the s irit of my invention. The inner 1part G, 1 may be pivotally connected to t e outer part H, the

- essential oint being that the ra id vertical motion 0 the special leaf or he dle mag be transmitted through the inner part G 1 to the outer end H solely through the eii'ect of shocks.

'Havin thus fully described my invention, what I c aim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is nary heddles, a reed for ,the threads of the ground warp also of the pile-warp, said Iongitudinal pile directing members having a pivotin action from the healds of said special he dle and adapted to pass through spaces of said reed and'to form naps and means connected with the pile-directing members for guarding said longitudinal pile directin members against being drawn in by the abric.

2. In a device for looms, the combination of a special leaf in addition to the ordinary leaves, a'reed for the threads of the groundwarp, also of the pile-warp, longitudinal pile-directing members adj ustably and yieldlngly connected at the inner ends to the healds of said special heddles and adapted to pass through spaces of said reed and to form naps and meansto guardagainst said lonitu' inal pile-directing members being rawn in b the fabric.

3. A dance of the type described, including a special leaf or leddle in addition to the ordinary heddles, a reed for the threads of the ound-warp, also of the pile-warp, lon 'tu inal pile directing members pivotin at t eir inner ends from the healds of said special heddle and adapted to ass through spaces of said reed and to orm naps, a transverse member adapted to be secured in the frame of the device, and means adapted to effect connection between the inner ends of said longitudinal pile directing members and said transverse member to guard against said longitudinal pile-directing members bein drawn in by t e fabric. v a testimony whereof, aflix my signature, in presenw of two wltnesses.

. l PAUL GIRARD.

Witnesses:

MARIN VAOHON,

- Mnh'os Mnnmaz. 

